Analysis of implants and bone graft failures with amoxicillin versus clindamicin in a prophylatic regime – an integrative review

Vol. 13 – Number 51 – 2022 IMPLANT DENTISTRY NOTEBOOK Review article Page 78-85 Analysis of implants and bone graft failures with amoxicillin versus clindamicin in a prophylatic regime – an integrative review Bruno Eduardo Sant’Anna Falce de Macedo¹ Patrícia Tolentino da Rosa de Souza² Luciana Reis Azevedo Alanis³ ABSTRACT An alternative for antibiotic prophylaxis in patients allergic to penicillin is the use of clindamycin. However, there is still no consensus in the literature on the indication of an ideal antibiotic, or whether there is any more effective alternative than clindamycin for patients allergic to penicillin when undergoing dental implant or bone graft surgery. This study aimed to compare the failure rate of implants and bone grafts in patients that took antibiotic prophylaxis with amoxicillin, and patients allergic to penicillin that took clindamycin to antibiotic prophylaxis. The study has a secondary objective that is the evaluation of antibiotic prophylaxis protocols with amoxicillin or clindamycin, comparing dosage with the failure rates of implants and bone grafts. A search for eligible articles for this review was performed in the Pubmed electronic database (MEDLINE). The inclusion criteria used were prospective studies, randomized or not; retrospective studies; studies performed with systemically healthy patients who underwent placement of dental implants or bone grafts and used amoxicillin or clindamycin as antibiotic prophylaxis. As results, there is still no consensus on the prescription for an ideal prophylactic regimen. Furthermore, patients not allergic to penicillin tend to have a lower percentage of failures (losses) of dental implants and bone grafts. It was concluded that patients allergic to penicillin who used clindamycin as antibiotic prophylaxis had a higher rate of implant and graft failure, as well as a higher frequency of post-surgical infections. Descriptors: Dental implants, amoxicillin, clindamycin. ¹ Dentistry – School of Medicine and Life Sciences – PUCPR. ² Postgraduate Program in Dentistry – School of Medicine and Life Sciences – PUCPR. ³ Dentistry and Postgraduate Program in Dentistry – School of Medicine and Life Sciences – PUCPR. DOI: 10.24077/2022;135102449252